Introduction:
Identifying the causes and concomitant issues of academic failure, which are considered to be failures of the educational system, is one of the practical issues in the field of educational research. Due to the lack of a comprehensive review of all published documents despite numerous papers in this field in Iran, this study attempted to systematically review published texts over the past 15 years on the role of studied academic and academic conditions in relation to academic failure.
Materials and Methods:
In this study, the documentation was systematically reviewed and their data were collected. Published articles related to the causes of students' academic failure in the medical sciences universities from April 1996 to March 2010, a total of 1008 papers were screened, 26 of which were full text accessible and of minimal research quality.
Results:
Based on the findings of each of the two stages, it is likely that criteria like the male gender, higher age of entering the university, the problems of the educational level, the passage quota, the term of education, the type of field of study, the performance of the professor lesson, the status of education and planning, the conditions of class, transfer or guest history, presence of curriculum consultant, night / day course, social relations at university, urban life, diploma conditions (grade), type of diploma (experimental), lack of interest in the field of study, lower grade of diploma or previous degree, increased interval between getting diploma and university entrance, lack of study during the term and lack of scientific and research activities on academic factors and academic conditions are among academic factors and educational conditions that can lead to academic failure in students.
Conclusion:
Despite numerous studies on the causes of academic failure, it seems that standards and definitions used in different studies and standardization work should be done to improve quality. Faculty in the college is largely seen in the articles being consistent with the facts and shows that the reliable experience in this regard is the university professor. It also seems that considering the major causes listed, it is possible to identify groups that are more likely to fail in school and use preventive measures for them.