آموزش و اخلاق در پرستاری

بررسی تأثیر آموزش ابعاد سبک زندگی به شیوۀ خانواده محور بر ارتقاء سبک زندگی سالمندان

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی موثر بر سالمت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

2 گروه پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جهرم، جهرم، ایران

3 گروه علوم پایه و تغذیه، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

4 گروه پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

5 گروه پرستاری دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد جهرم، جهرم ، ایران

6 گروه پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جهرم، جهرم،ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: امروزه جمعیت سالمندان در سراسر دنیا، در حال افزایش است؛ به ­گونه ­ای­ که بیماری­ ها و مشکلات حاصل از این مرحلۀ تکاملی می­ تواند، به شدت بر سبک زندگی سالمندان تأثیرگذار باشد؛ بنابراین پژوهش حاضر، با هدف بررسی تأثیر آموزش ابعاد سبک زندگی، به شیوۀ خانواده محور، بر ارتقاء سبک زندگی سالمندان، انجام شده است.
روش ­کار: این پژوهش، از نوع نیمه تجربی (1394) است، که بر روی 100سالمند، انجام گرفته است. نمونه­ ها، به دو گروه 50 نفرۀ آموزش خانواده محور و کنترل، تقسیم شدند. گروه مداخله، تحت آموزش ابعاد سبک زندگی سالمندان قرار گرفتند و در گروه کنترل، هیچ مداخله ­ای صورت نگرفته است. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه، بر اساس سبک زندگی سالمندان بود. داده­ های قبل، 3-2-1 ماه بعد از مداخله تکمیل گردید و با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری SPSS 21 ،  مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته­ ها: نشان داد که میانگین نمرات سبک زندگی در گروه آزمایش، افزایش معناداری در مرحلۀ پس از آزمون، نسبت به گروه کنترل داشته است (p<0.05). نتایج تحلیل کوواریانس، مشتمل بر آن بود، که آموزش ابعاد سبک زندگی به شیوۀ خانواده محور، میزان سبک زندگی سالمندان گروه تحت مداخله را در مرحلۀ پس از آزمون، به طور معناداری افزایش داده بود (p<0.001).
نتیجه ­گیری: با توجه به یافته ­های پژوهش، آموزش ابعاد سبک زندگی به شیوۀ خانواده محور، در سالمندان تأثیرگذار بوده و با توجه به اهمیت سبک زندگی سالم در پیشگیری از مشکلات دوران سالمندی، این نتایج می ­تواند ارتقاء سلامت سالمندان را محقق سازد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation the effect of family-centered education on improving the lifestyle of the elderly

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nazafarin Hosseini 1
  • Fatemeh Forouzan jahromi 2
  • Mehdi Akbartabar Toori 3
  • Masoud Moghimi 4
  • Maryam Sadat Shaafi 5
  • Helena Ramezanli 6

1 Research Center of Social Factors Affecting Health, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran

2 MSc of Critical Care Nursing, Department of Critical Care, faculty member of paramedical school, Jahrom university of medical sciences, Jahrom, Iran

3 Department of Basic Sciences and Nutrition, Public health faculty, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran

4 MSc of public health nursing department, nursing faculty, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences,Yasuj, Iran

5 Msc of public health nursing, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran

6 MSc of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Department of Medical Surgical, Instructor of Nursing School, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Nowadays, the elderly population is increasing worldwide. The diseases and problems caused by this
evolutionary stage can significantly affect the lifestyle of the elderly. Thus, the present study investigates the effect of teaching lifestyle dimensions using a family-centered method on improving the lifestyle of the elderly".
Materials and Methods: This study was a semi-experimental study conducted on 100 elderly in 2015. The samples were divided into family-centered education and control groups (50 in each group). The intervention group received education on the lifestyle dimensions of the elderly, while the control group received no education. The tool for gathering information was the questionnaire, based on the lifestyle of the elderly. The data were collected before, one, two, and 3 months after the intervention and analyzed using SPSS 21 statistical software.
Results: The results revealed that the mean lifestyle scores in the experimental group increased significantly in the post-test stage compared to the control group (p<0.05). The results of the analysis of covariance showed that the education of lifestyle dimensions using a family-centered method significantly increased the lifestyle of the elderly in the intervention group in the post-test stage (P<001).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, teaching lifestyle dimensions using a family-centered method is effective in the elderly. Given the significance of a healthy lifestyle in preventing the problems of old age, this result can improve the health of the elderly.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Family-Centered Education
  • Lifestyle
  • Old Age
  1. Barsukov VN. From the demographic dividend to population ageing: world trends in the systemwide transition. Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, Forecast 2019; 12(4): 167 -82.
  2. United Nations. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Ageing 2017-Highlights (ST/ESA/SER. A/397).
  3. Mehri N, Messkoub M, Kunkel S. Trends, determinants and the implications of population aging in Iran. Ageing Int 2020: 1 -7.(Persian)
  4. Pakpour V, Zamanzadeh V, Salimi S, Farsiv A, Moghbeli G , Soheili A. The relationship between loneness and sleep quality in older adults in Tabriz. J Urmia Nurs. Midwifery Facu 2017; 14(11): 906 -17. (Persian)
  5. Sabbagh zadeh A, Vaziri Nejad R, Khalili P, AliDoosti A, Sabzevari S. The Effect of Healthy Lifestyle Education on the Quality of Life of the Elderly in Rafsanjan: A Quasi -Experimental Study. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2021; 20 ( 5): 539 -53. (Persian)
  6. Movahedi M, Khamseh F, Ebadi A,Haji Amini Z.The Impact of Healthy Lifestyle Multimedia Education on Elderly Life. Journal of Gernotology 2019; 4(1): 45 -52. (Persian)
  7. Chen P-L, Tsai Y-L, Lin M-H, Wang J. Gender differences in health promotion behaviors and quality of life among community-dwelling elderly. J Women 2018; 30(3): 259-74.
  8. Li J, Yu J, Chen X, Quan X, Zhou L. Correlations between health-promoting lifestyle and health-related quality of life among elderly people with hypertension in Hengyang, Hunan, China. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97(25) :e10937..
  9. Clark F, Jackson J, Carlson M, Chou CP, Cherry BJ, Jordan Mash M, et al. (Effectiveness of lifestyle intervention in promoting the well-being of independetly living older people: Results of the well elderly 2 randomised controlled trial). Epidemiol Community Health. 2012; 66(9): 782- 90.
    1. Estebsari F, Taghdisi M, Rahimi Foroushani A, Ardebili H, Shojaeizadeh D. An Educational Program Based on the Successful Aging Approach on Health-Promoting Behaviors in the Elderly: A Clinical Trial Study. Iran Red Crescent Med J.2014 April; 16(4): e16314. (Persian)
    2. Tabari F, Zakerimoghadam M, Sadat Hejazi Z. The Effect of the Family-centered Educational Program on Medication Management in Elderly Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease.Iranian Journal Of Nursing Research. 2019; 14(1):15-20. (Persian)
    3. Whelpton PK, Campbell AA, Patterson JE. Fertility and family planning in the United States. Princeton Princeton University Press; 2015.
    4. Nayeri ND, Mohammadi S, Arazi T. Examining the leve of adherence of therapeutic regime by the family  caregivers of stroke patients. CJM. 2011; 2(3):87-98. (Persian)
    5. Bagheri M, Niknami Sh, Rahmati Najarkolaei F. Effect of Communication Skills Training of the Elderly and their Caregivers’ on Elderly Lifestyle. Health Education and Health Promotion. 2021; 9(2):111-117. (Persian)
    6. Eshaghi S, Farajzadegan Z, Babak A. Healthy lifestyle assessment questionnaire in elderly.  Payesh Journal. 2010; 2(1) 12-18. (Persian)
    7. Tahmasebi H, Maddah S B, dalvandi A, Ghasemi S, Rahgozar M.The Effect of Educational Program on Health Promotion Behaviors on Elderly Life Style. Iranian Journal of Nursing Research. 2018; 5(2):48-54. (Persian)
    8. Farhadi A, Foroughan M, Mohammadi F, Sahranavard M. The effect of healthy lifestyle educational program on rural elderly’s quality of life in Dashti District of Boushehr Province. Salmand Iran J Ageing 2013; 8(3): 35 -43. (Persian)
    9. Hekmatpour D, Shamsi M, Zamani M. The effect of healthy lifestyle educational programs on the quality of life of the elderly in Arak. J Arak Univ Med Sci 2013; 16(3): 1 -11. (Persian)
    10. Grimmett C, Bridgewater J, Steptoe A, Wardle J. Lifestyle and quality of life in colorectal cancer survivors. Qual Life Res 2011; 20: 1237 -45.
    11. Rugbeer N, Ramklass S, Mckune A, Van Heerden J. The effect of group exercise frequency on health related quality of life in institutionalized elderly. Pan African Med J 2017; 26: 1 -14.
    12. Björklund U, Marsk A, Öhman SG. Does an information film about prenatal testing in early pregnancy affect women’s anxiety and worries. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2013 Mar 1; 34(1):9-14.
آموزش و اخلاق در پرستاری
دوره 11، 1-2
فروردین 1401
صفحه 100-107