آموزش و اخلاق در پرستاری

تبیین تجارب بالینی دانشجویان هوشبری و اتاق عمل از اخلاق حرفه ای در اتاق عمل: یک مطالعه کیفی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه طب اورژانس، مرکز تحقیقات مولفه های اجتماعی نظام سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جهرم، جهرم، ایران.

2 واحد توسعه تحقیقات بالینی بیمارستان پیمانیه، مرکز تحقیقات مولفه های اجتماعی نظام سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جهرم، جهرم، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: اتاق عمل فضایی است که برای انجام عمل های جراحی، به تیم های بیهوشی و جراحی اختصاص یافته است و ارائه خدمات با کیفیت در آن نیازمند طیف وسیعی از آموزش ها و اصول حرفه ای می باشد. پژوهش حاضر سعی دارد با تبیین و تحلیل تجارب بالینی دانشجویان رشته های هوشبری و اتاق عمل دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جهرم، در رابطه با اخلاق حرفه ای در محیط اتاق عمل، گامی در جهت ارتقاء اخلاق پزشکی و رفع مشکلات اخلاق حرفه ای بردارد.
روش کار: این پژوهش، از نوع کیفی-توصیفی است که با روش تحلیل محتوای قراردادی، با مصاحبه ی نیمه ساختارمند عمیق و با استفاده از سؤالات باز از دانشجویان رشته های اتاق عمل و بیهوشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جهرم، که حداقل دو کارآموزی را در اتاق عمل گذرانده باشند، انجام شد. داده های جمع آوری شده، براساس مدل پیشنهادی الو و کینگاس، تحلیل گشت.
یافته ها: در مجموع از 10 مصاحبه که با مشارکت کنندگان انجام گردید، 255 واحد معنایی استخراج شد؛  به این صورت که دسته بندی کدها، ما را به 6 طبقه اصلی و 24 طبقه فرعی، راهنمایی کرد. مضامین اصلی عبارتند از: 1- درک مفهوم اخلاق پزشکی و اخلاق حرفه ای؛ 2- مباحث اخلاقی پرکاربرد در اتاق عمل؛ 3- بیشترین مصادیق نقض اخلاق حرفه ای در اتاق عمل؛ 4- عوامل فردی موثر بر رعایت و یا نقض اخلاق در اتاق عمل؛ 5- عوامل مدیریتی و سازمانی موثر بر رعایت و یا نقض اخلاق در اتاق عمل؛ 6- عوامل محیطی و فیزیکی موثر بر رعایت و یا نقض اخلاق در اتاق عمل.
نتیجه گیری: تجربه بالینی دانشجویان اتاق عمل و هوشبری نشان داد که آن ها از مفهوم اخلاق پزشکی و اخلاق حرفه ای درک صحیحی دارند؛ آن گونه که عوامل مؤثر بر رعایت و یا نقض اخلاق حرفه ای را به خوبی تشخیص می دهند. این موضوع اگر با راهنمایی اساتید، همراه گردد، می تواند زمینه برای ارتقاء وضعیت اخلاقی، دراتاق عمل مهیا و کمک شایانی کند؛ همچنین این موارد می تواند پیشنهادات خوبی را در اختیار مدیران بیمارستان، جهت اعتلای اخلاقی مراکز درمانی قرار دهد، که یافته های تحقیق حاضر در همین راستا می باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Explaining the Anesthesiology and Operating Room Students clinical Experiences of professional ethics in the operating room: a qualitative study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samaneh Abiri 1
  • Mahsa Khoramkish 2
  • Mojtaba Zeini 2
  • Tahere Abdian 2
  • Navid Kalani 2

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.

2 Clinical Research Development Unit, Peymanieh Hospital, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Introduction: The operating room is a space dedicated to anesthesia and surgery teams for performing surgeries, and
providing quality services in it requires a wide range of training and professional principles. The present study tries to take a step towards improving medical ethics and solving the problems of professional ethics by explaining and analyzing the clinical experiences of the anesthesiology and operating room students of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences in relation to professional ethics in the operating room environment.
Materials and Methods: The design of this study is a descriptive qualitative study with the method of conventional content analysis, which was done with in-depth semi-structured interviews and using open-ended questions from the students of the operating room and anesthesiology departments of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, who have at least two internships in the operating room field. The collected data were analyzed based on the model proposed by Elo and Kingas.
Results: In total, 255 semantic units were extracted from 10 interviews that were conducted with the participants; the classification of the codes led us to 6 main categories and 24 subcategories. The main topics are: 1- Understanding the concept of medical ethics and professional ethics 2- Frequently used ethical issues in the operating room 3- The most examples of violations of professional ethics in the operating room 4- Individual factors affecting compliance or violation of ethics in the operating room 5- Management and organizational factors affecting compliance or violation of ethics in the operating room 6- Environmental and physical factors affecting compliance or violation of ethics in the operating room
Conclusion: The clinical experience of operating room and anesthesiology students showed that they have a correct
understanding of the concept of medical ethics and professional ethics, and they recognize well the factors affecting compliance or violation of professional ethics; If this topic is accompanied by the guidance of professors; It can help to improve the moral status of the operating room. It can also provide good suggestions to hospital managers for the moral improvement of medical centers, which the findings of the present study are in this direction.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Clinical Experience
  • Medical Ethics
  • Anesthesiology and Operating Room Students
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آموزش و اخلاق در پرستاری
دوره 11، 1-2
فروردین 1401
صفحه 74-88