آموزش و اخلاق در پرستاری
Education and Ethics In Nursing ISSN: 2322-5300

بررسی عوامل تسهیل کنندۀ رعایت اخلاق و رفتارحرفه‌ای در مراکز آموزشی، پژوهشی و درمانی ایران: یک مطالعۀ مرور نظام‌مند

https://doi.org/10.22034/ethic.2024.2035320.1085
دوره 13، شماره 2
مهر 1403
صفحه 15-38
آموزش و اخلاق در پرستاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

فاطمه زینب کیانی 1
نیلای رضایی توابع 2
علی احمدی 3

1 کارشناس ارشد اپیدمیولوژی، مرکز تحقیقات مدل سازی در سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد اپیدمیولوژی، مرکز تحقیقات مدل سازی در سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

3 استاد اپیدمیولوژی، گروه اپیدمیولوژی و آمار زیستی دانشکده بهداشت دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.

چکیده
مقدمه: رعایت اخلاق و رفتارحرفه ­ای در محیط ­های آموزشی، بهداشتی -درمانی جزء ماهیت ذاتی نظام سلامت بوده که باعث افزایش کیفیت خدمات و رضایتمندی گیرندگان خدمت می ­شود. با توجه به فقدان یک بررسی جامع دربارۀ تسهیل ­کننده ­های رعایت اخلاق و رفتار حرفه ­ای در نظام سلامت ایران، پژوهش حاضر، با هدف جمع ­آوری مستندات موجود دربارۀ عوامل تسهیل کنندۀ رعایت اخلاق و رفتار حرفه‌ای در نظام سلامت کشور انجام شد.
روش­ کار: پژوهش حاضر، به ­صورت مرورنظام­ مند و با استفاده از واژه ­های کلیدی «اخلاق حرفه ای»، «رفتار حرفه ­ای»، «اخلاق پزشکی»، «اخلاق پرستاری»، «اخلاق در پژوهش»، «اخلاق در آموزش»، «عوامل تسهیل­ کنندۀ اخلاق حرفه ­ای» و «عوامل تسهیل کننده» در پایگاه­ های اطلاعاتی"MagIran"," Iran medex،scholar  Google"," SID"," Pubmed"," Scopus"," Web of science" و در مدت زمان 1402- 1386، با زبان فارسی و انگلیسی، توسط دو محقق به صورت مجزا انجام گردید. تعداد 262 مقاله با متن کامل، بر اساس چک لیست­ های معتبر" Newcastle-Ottawa  و AMSTAR" ارزیابی و 55 مورد آن­ها وارد مطالعه شدند.
یافته ­ها:  بیش از دویست موضوع مرتبط، با عوامل تسهیل کنندۀ رعایت اخلاق  و رفتار حرفه‌ای به صورت پراکنده، در مقالات گزارش شد. از مهم­ترین عوامل تسهیل‌کنندۀ رعایت اخلاق حرفه‌ای در حیطه­ های مختلف عبارت­اند از: 1. آموزش عالی: برخورد احترام‌آمیز استادان با دانشجویان، مسئولیت‌پذیری و وقت‌شناسی در میان دانشجویان؛ 2. پژوهش: آشنا کردن محققان و کارکنان، با اصول و قواعد علمی پژوهش؛ 3. درمان: برقراری ارتباط مؤثر با بیماران، انجام به موقع و با کیفیت مراقبت ­های بهداشتی – درمانی؛ 4. رفتارحرفه‌ای: مشاهدۀ رفتار دیگران در محیط کار و الگو گرفتن از آن­ها.
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به ادغام آمورش و پژوهش در بهداشت درمان و نظام سلامت ایران، ابتدا شناخت تسهیل کننده ­های رعایت اخلاق، رفتار حرفه ­ای، آموزش آن­ها در سطوح مختلف نظام سلامت و تلاش برای استقرار آن­ها از اهمیت ویژه ­ای برخوردار بوده که باید در دستور کار مسئولان مربوطه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اخلاق حرفه‌ای
رفتار حرفه‌ای
مرور نظام‌مند

عنوان مقاله English

Investigating the factors that facilitate compliance with ethics and professional behavior in educational, research and medical centers of Iran: a systematic review

نویسندگان English

Fatemeh Zeynab Kiani 1
Nilay Rezaei Tavabe 2
Ali Ahmadi 3
1 MSc of Epidemiology, Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
2 MSc of Epidemiology, Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
3 Professor of Epidemiology, Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
چکیده English

Introduction: Compliance with ethics and professional behavior in educational, health-therapeutic environments is part of the inherent nature of the health system, which increases the quality of services and the satisfaction of service recipients. Due to the lack of a comprehensive survey about the facilitators of ethics and professional behavior in Iran's health system, the current research was conducted with the aim of collecting the available documents about the factors that facilitate the observance of ethics and professional behavior in the country's health system.
Methods & Materials: The current research is a systematic review using the key words "professional ethics", "professional behavior", "medical ethics", "nursing ethics", "ethics in research", "ethics in education". ", "facilitating factors of professional ethics" and "facilitating factors" in the databases "MagIran", "Iran medex, Google scholar", "SID", "Pubmed", "Scopus", "Web of science" and was carried out by two researchers separately in the period of 2007-2024, in Persian and English. 262 full-text articles were evaluated based on the "Newcastle-Ottawa and AMSTAR" valid checklists, and 55 of them were included in the study.
Results: More than two hundred issues related to the facilitating factors of compliance with ethics and professional behavior were reported in the articles. Among the most important factors facilitating the observance of professional ethics in various fields are: 1. Higher education: respectful treatment of professors with students, responsibility and punctuality among students; 2. Research: familiarizing researchers and employees with the scientific principles and rules of research; 3. Treatment: effective communication with patients, timely and quality health care; 4.Professional behavior: observing the behavior of others in the work environment and taking an example from them.
Conclusion: With regard to the integration of data and research in Iran's health care and health system, it is first important to know the facilitators of ethical compliance, professional behavior, their training at different levels of the health system and efforts to establish them. It has a privilege, which should be included in the agenda of the relevant authorities.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • professional ethics
  • professional behavior
  • facilitators of professional ethics
  • systematic review
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