آموزش و اخلاق در پرستاری
Education and Ethics In Nursing ISSN: 2322-5300

طراحی و تبیین مدل پیش‌بینی کنندۀ عادات غذایی در پرستاران شاغل در بیمارستان‌های آموزشی شهر اهواز: یک مطالعه از نوع معادلات ساختاری

https://doi.org/10.22034/ethic.2024.2041624.1124
دوره 14، شماره 1
فروردین 1404
صفحه 110-124
آموزش و اخلاق در پرستاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

سعیده سلمان پور 1
شهرام مولوی نژاد 2
عبدالعلی شریعتی 3
سعید قنبری 4

1 کارشناسی ارشد پرستاری داخلی جراحی، مرکز تحقیقات مراقبت پرستاری در بیماری های مزمن، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندی شاپوراهواز، اهواز، ایران

2 دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات پرستاری مامایی جامعه نگر، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

3 کارشناسی ارشد پرستاری داخلی جراحی، مرکز تحقیقات مراقبت پرستاری در بیماری های مزمن، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندی شاپور اهواز، اهواز، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه آمار و اپیدومیولوژی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندی شاپوراهواز، اهواز، ایران

چکیده
مقدمه: علی­رغم جایگاه خاص پرستاران در بهبود و حفظ سلامت بیماران، آن­ها از یک الگوی رفتاری مناسب، در جهت ارتقای سلامتی خود، پیروی نخواهند کرد. پژوهش حاضر، با هدف طراحی و تبیین مدل پیش­بینی کنندۀ عادات غذایی در پرستاران شاغل، در بیمارستان­های آموزشی شهر اهواز انجام شد.
روش کار: در پژوهش حاضر، 400 پرستار شاغل در بیمارستان­های وابسته به دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اهواز (1401)  با استفاده از روش نمونه ­گیری خوشه­ای انتخاب شدند. پرسشنامه ­های مطالعه شامل: اطلاعات دموگرافیک، اضطراب و افسردگی، کیفیت خواب، خستگی، سازگاری و ارزیابی تغذیۀ سالم بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ­ها توسط نرم افزار SPSS نسخۀ 22، انجام شد. 
یافته ­ها: نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که یک واحد افزایش نمرۀ کل اضطراب و افسردگی (Beta = -0/235, P-value < 0/001)، میزان نمرۀ کل تغذیۀ سالم را 0/235 درصد واحد، کاهش داد؛ همچنین یک واحد افزایش خستگی (Beta = -0/202, P-value < 0/001)،  میزان نمرۀ کل تغذیۀ سالم را 0/202 درصد واحد، پایین آورد؛ آن­گونه­ که یک واحد افزایش نمرۀ کل سازگاری (Beta = -0/212, P-value < 0/001) توانست، میزان نمرۀ کل تغذیۀ سالم را 0/212 درصد واحد، کم کند؛ بنابراین یک واحد افزایش نمرۀ کل کیفیت خواب (Beta = -0/223, P-value < 0/001)،  میزان نمرۀ کل تغذیۀ سالم را 0/223 درصد واحد، تنزل داد.
نتیجه ­گیری: میزان خستگی، سازگاری و کیفیت خواب، تأثیر منفی بر نمرۀ عادت تغذیه دارند. با توجه به ضرائب گزارش شده، این سه متغیّر، تأثیر مثبت و شدیدتری بر میزان افسردگی و اضطراب دارند و میزان اضطراب و افسردگی بر عادت تغذیه، اثر معنادار شدیدتری با نسبت معکوس، خواهد داشت. با توجه به ضرائب گزارش شده، تأثیر میزان خستگی، سازگاری و کیفیت خواب، بر میزان اضطراب و افسردگی در جهت مستقیم و با شدت نسبتاً متوسط می­باشد. در واقع می­توان نتیجه گرفت که سه متغیّر خستگی، سازگاری و کیفیت خواب، به واسطۀ میزان افسردگی و اضطراب، بر نمرۀ عادت تغذیه اثر دارند. به عبارت دیگر،  با کنترل افسردگی و اضطراب می­توان، نمرۀ تغذیه را کنترل کرد. اگر بتوان میزان اضطراب و افسردگی را کم کرد، به دنبال آن می­توان، نمرۀ تغذیه را بهبود بخشید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

طراحی مدل
عادات غذایی
اضطراب
افسردگی
خستگی
سازگاری
پرستاری
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Designing and explaining the predicting model of eating habits in nurses working in Ahvaz teaching hospitals: A structural equation study

نویسندگان English

Saedeh Salmanpoor 1
Shahram Molavynejad 2
Abdolali Shariati 3
Saeed Ghanbari 4
1 Nursing Care Research Center in Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Community-Oriented Nursing Midwifery Research Center, Nursing and Midwifery School, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
3 Nursing Care Research Center in Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
4 Assistant professor, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of health, Ahvaz, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده English

Introduction: Despite the special position of nurses in improving and maintaining the health of patients, they do not follow a suitable behavioral pattern to improve their health. The present study was conducted with the aim of designing and explaining the predictive model of eating habits in nurses working in teaching hospitals in Ahvaz.
Methods & Materials: In this study, 400 nurses working in hospitals affiliated to Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences in 2022 were selected using cluster sampling method. The study questionnaires included: demographic information questionnaire, depression, sleep quality, fatigue, adaptive strategies and healthy eating evaluation questionnaire. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 22 software.
Results: The results of the study showed that one unit increase in the total score of anxiety and depression (Beta = -0.235, P-value < 0.001) decreases the total score of healthy eating by 0.235 units. One unit increase in fatigue (Beta = -0.202, P-value < 0.001) decreases the total score of healthy eating by 0.202 units. One unit increase in the total compatibility score (Beta = -0.212, P-value<0.001) decreases the total healthy eating score by 0.212 units. One unit increase in total PSQI score (Beta=0.223, P-value < 0.001) decreases the amount of total healthy eating score by 0.223 units.
Conclusion: The amount of fatigue, compatibility and sleep quality have a negative effect on the score of eating habits. According to the reported coefficients, these three variables have a positive and stronger effect on the level of depression and anxiety. And the level of anxiety and depression has a stronger significant effect on eating habits with an inverse ratio. According to the reported coefficients, the impact of fatigue, adaptability and sleep quality on the level of anxiety and depression is in a direct direction and with relatively moderate intensity. In fact, it can be concluded that the three variables of fatigue, adaptability and sleep quality have an effect on the score of eating habits due to the level of depression and anxiety. In other words, by controlling depression and anxiety, you can control the nutrition score. If the level of anxiety and depression can be reduced, then the nutrition score can be improved.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • Model Design
  • Eating Habits
  • Anxiety
  • Depression
  • Fatigue
  • Adaptation
  • Nursing
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