آموزش و اخلاق در پرستاری
Education and Ethics In Nursing ISSN: 2322-5300

مراقبت خانواده‌محور در پرستاری: یک مرور روایتی بر رویکردها و پیامدهای بالینی

https://doi.org/10.22034/ethic.2026.2092262.1235
دوره 15، شماره 1
فروردین 1405
صفحه 168-183
آموزش و اخلاق در پرستاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

اکبر جوادی 1
طاهره طولابی 2
خدیجه حیدری زاده 3

1 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی پرستاری، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران.

2 استاد گروه پرستاری، مرکز تحقیقات قلب و عروق، دانشکده‌ی پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران

3 استادیار گروه پرستاری، مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت، دانشکده‌ی پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی لرستان، خرم‌آباد،

چکیده
مقدمه: مراقبت خانواده‌محور به‌عنوان یکی از رویکردهای بنیادین پرستاری، بر احترام به ارزش‌های خانواده، تبادل اطلاعات شفاف، مشارکت در تصمیم‌گیری و توانمندسازی خانواده استوار است. با افزایش بیماری‌های مزمن و پیچیده، نقش خانواده به‌عنوان شریک اصلی مراقبت بیش از پیش اهمیت یافته است. با وجود مطالعات متعدد، مرور جامعی که رویکردهای نظری، مداخلات و پیامدهای بالینی این حوزه را به‌صورت یکپارچه بررسی کند، همچنان مورد نیاز است.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه مرور روایتی با هدف بررسی رویکردها و پیامدهای بالینی مراقبت خانواده‌محور در پرستاری انجام شد. جستجوی نظام‌مند در پایگاه‌های PubMed، Scopus، ScienceDirect، Google Scholar، SID، Magiran و IranDoc بدون محدودیت زمانی تا سال ۲۰۲۵ انجام گرفت. از میان ۱۱۲۷ رکورد اولیه، پس از غربالگری بر اساس معیارهای ورود و خروج، ۳۱ مطالعه شامل کارآزمایی‌های بالینی، مرورهای نظام‌مند، مطالعات کیفی، مفهومی و روش‌شناسی وارد مطالعه شدند و داده‌ها به‌صورت تحلیل موضوعی طبقه‌بندی شدند.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌ها نشان دادند که رویکردهای مراقبت خانواده‌محور شامل مدل‌های نظری خانواده‌محور، مدل‌های توانمندسازی خانواده، مراقبت یکپارچه خانواده (FICare)، نسخه همراه‌محور (mFICare)، پزشکی از راه دور و مدل‌های مراقبت در منزل هستند. این رویکردها در گروه‌های مختلف بیماران از جمله سالمندان، بیماران قلبی، مبتلایان به بیماری‌های مزمن، کودکان و نوزادان بستری در مراقبت ویژه، با بهبود کیفیت زندگی، کاهش اضطراب و افسردگی، افزایش مشارکت خانواده، ارتقای ایمنی مراقبت و رضایت از خدمات همراه بودند. همچنین آموزش مبتنی بر شواهد، حمایت سازمانی و مشارکت فعال خانواده از مهم‌ترین تسهیل‌کننده‌ها و فشار کاری، کمبود منابع، محدودیت‌های سیاستی و فرهنگی از مهم‌ترین موانع اجرای این رویکرد شناسایی شدند.
نتیجه‌گیری: مراقبت خانواده‌محور، راهبردی مبتنی بر شواهد برای ارتقای کیفیت مراقبت، ایمنی بیمار و مشارکت خانواده است. اجرای موفق آن مستلزم توسعه آموزش‌های حرفه‌ای، حمایت سازمانی، بهره‌گیری از فناوری‌های نوین و استانداردسازی ابزارهای ارزیابی است تا خانواده به‌عنوان شریک واقعی در فرآیند مراقبت و تصمیم‌گیری ایفای نقش کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

مراقبت خانواده‌محور
پرستاری
توانمندسازی خانواده
پیامدهای بالینی
کیفیت زندگی
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Family-Centered Care in Nursing: A Narrative Review of Approaches and Clinical Outcomes

نویسندگان English

Akbar Javadi 1
Tahereh Toulabi 2
khadijeh Heydarizadeh 3
1 PhD Candidate in Nursing, Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Nursing, Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
چکیده English

Background: Family-centered care (FCC) is recognized as a fundamental approach in healthcare systems, emphasizing respect for family values, transparent information sharing, shared decision-making, and family empowerment. With the growing prevalence of chronic and complex diseases, the family's role as an essential partner in the care process has become increasingly important. Despite the expanding body of evidence, a comprehensive synthesis of theoretical approaches, interventions, and clinical outcomes of family-centered care in nursing remains necessary.
Methods: This narrative review was conducted to examine the theoretical approaches and clinical outcomes of family-centered care in nursing. A systematic search was performed in international databases (PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar) and Persian databases (SID, Magiran, and IranDoc) without time restriction through 2025. Of the 1,127 records initially identified, 31 studies, including systematic reviews, clinical trials, qualitative, conceptual, and methodological studies, met the inclusion criteria. Data were systematically extracted and synthesized using thematic analysis.
Results: The findings demonstrated that family-centered care has been implemented through diverse theoretical and practical approaches across different populations, including older adults, patients with chronic diseases, critically ill patients, children, and neonates. These approaches were associated with improved quality of life, reduced anxiety and depression, enhanced treatment adherence, strengthened family participation, improved communication between healthcare professionals and families, greater patient safety, and stronger parent–child bonding. Emerging innovations, including Family Integrated Care (FICare), mobile FICare (mFICare), telemedicine, and validated family-centered assessment instruments, have expanded the applicability of this approach. However, implementation remains challenged by organizational constraints, heavy nursing workload, limited resources, restrictive institutional policies, cultural barriers, and the lack of standardized outcome measures. Organizational support, evidence-based nursing education, effective communication, and active family engagement were identified as major facilitators.
Conclusion: Family-centered care is not only an ethical philosophy but also an evidence-based clinical strategy that improves patient, family, and healthcare outcomes. Successful implementation requires organizational commitment, standardized outcome measurement, culturally sensitive practice, equitable access to care, and continuous support for meaningful family participation in healthcare decision-making.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • Family-centered care
  • Nursing
  • Family empowerment
  • Clinical outcomes
  • Quality of life
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