آموزش و اخلاق در پرستاری

تأثیر آموزش بر آگاهی، نگرش و عملکرد دانشجویان دانشکدۀ پرستاری نسبت به پیوند اعضا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بیرجند

چکیده

مقدمه: آگاهی، نگرش و عملکرد متخصصان مراقبت­های بهداشتی، از جمله دانشجویان در ارتباط با اهدای عضو، با توجه به اینکه می­توانند، اطلاعات خود را با دوستان و خانواده ­ها به اشتراک بگذارند، نقش مهمی در ارتقای فرآیند اهدای اعضای بدن ایفا می ­کند. این پژوهش، با هدف تعیین تأثیر آموزش بر آگاهی، نگرش و عملکرد دانشجویان نسبت به پیوند اعضا، انجام شد.
روش کار: این پژوهش نیمه تجربی، با طرح پیش ­آزمون و پس­ آزمون، بر روی 150 نفر از دانشجویان انجام شد. نمونه ­های مورد مطالعه به‌صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمون (75 نفر) و کنترل ( 75نفر)، قرار گرفتند. آگاهی، نگرش و عملکرد دانشجویان قبل و یک ماه بعد از اجرای برنامۀ آموزش (3 جلسۀ 2 ساعته و آموزش با استفاده از سخنرانی، اسلاید و پمفلت)، بررسی شد. جهت جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از پرسشنامۀ دموگرافیک، آگاهی، نگرش و عملکرد نسبت به پیوند اعضا، استفاده شده است. داده‌ها با نرم‌افزار  SPSS نسخۀ 18، آزمون‌های آماری کای اسکوئر و تی مستقل، مورد تجزیه ‌و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج آماری در سطح کمتر از 05/. %، معنا دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته­ ها: قبل از مداخلۀ میانگین نمرۀ آگاهی(p=0/7)، نگرش(p=0/4) و عملکرد(p=0/6) دانشجویان در دو گروه، اختلاف آماری معنا‌داری نداشت؛ اما پس از اجرای مداخلۀ میانگین نمرۀ آگاهی(05/.>p) و نگرش((05/.>p) دانشجویان در گروه آزمون، در مقایسه با گروه کنترل، اختلاف آماری معنا‌داری وجود داشت؛(05/.>p) این در حالی بود که در میانگین نمرۀ عملکرد دانشجویان، تفاوت آماری معنا‌داری مشاهده نشد.(05/.<p)
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان داد که آموزش، دانش افراد اهدای عضو و نگرش نسبت به آن را بهبود بخشیده است؛ اما با توجه به اینکه در میانگین نمرۀ عملکرد گروه آزمون افزایشی مشاهده نشد، پیشنهاد می­ گردد تلاشی گسترده، در زمینۀ آموزش‌ های سازمان‌یافته و همچنین ارزیابی مداوم، جهت اثربخشی محتوا در جهت بهبود عملکرد و افزایش اهدای عضو انجام گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Education on the Knowledge, Attitude, and Performance of nursing faculty students towards organ transplantation

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohammad moqaddam
  • zohre eskandari sales
  • narges kadem moghadam
  • samaneh safari

چکیده [English]

Introduction:
The knowledge, attitude and performance of healthcare specialists, including students, concerning organ donation play an important role in promoting organ donation because they can share their information with their friends and families. This research intended to determine the effect of education on knowledge, attitude and performance of students towards organ transplantation. 
Materials and Methods:
This semi-experimental research was conducted on 150 students with a pre-test and post-test design. The studied samples were randomly divided into two test groups (75 people) and control (75 people).The participants’ knowledge, attitude and performance of students were investigated before and one month after the educational program that consisted of three 2-hour sessions of lecture, PowerPoint slides, and pamphlets as educational tools. A questionnaire containing items on demographic information, knowledge, attitude, and performance regarding organ transplantation was used for date collection purposes. The data were analyzed in SPSS 18 using chi-square and independent t-tests. The p-values less than 0.05% were considered significant.
Results:
Before the intervention, there were no significant differences in mean scores for knowledge (p=0.7), attitude (p=0.4), and performance (p=0.6) toward organ transplantation between the two groups. However, after the intervention, there were significant differences between the two groups in the mean scores for knowledge (p-value <0.05) and attitude (p-value <0.05) whereas no significant differences were observed between them in the mean score for performancee regarding organ transplantation (p-value>0.05).  
Conclusion:
The findings revealed that the educational program improved the students' knowledge of organ donation as well as their attitude towards it. However, because there was no increase in the mean score for performance of the test group, it is recommended that a concerted effort be made to provide organized educational programs while also continuously assessing the efficacy of the content of these programs in order to improve performance toward organ transplantation and increase organ donation.

  1. Amani F, Ghaffari Moghaddam M, Hossein Zadeh S, Farzaneh E, Valizadeh B. Attitude towards Ardabil's Resident about Organ Transplantation in Brain Death. Scientific Journal of Forensic Medicine. 2015;21(1):7-12.
  2. Nath Baral Y, Baral S, Paudel S, Kumar Yadav R, Baral S. Knowledge and Attitude of Nursing Students Regarding Organ Donation in Pokhara, Nepal. Asian Journal of Medicine and Health. 2022;20(6):17-24. [In Persian]
  3. Abbasi DZ, Faraahani B, Fesharaki M, Najafizadeh K. Effect of education about brain death and organ donation on attitude and knowledge of nursing students. Iranian Journal Of Critical Care Nursing. 2010;3(3):109-12.
  4. AfzalAghaee M, Rahmanifar F. Factors related to organ donation from brain dead patients in teaching hospitals of mashhad university of medical sciences during 1392-1385. medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences. 2016;59(3):148-54.
  5. Hajyhosseinloo M, Eftekhari A, Ghorbani S, Zarei A. A Study of Brain Death and Organ Donation in West Azerbaijan Province (2004-2010). Scientific Journal Of Forensic Medicine 2011;17(3):149-55.
  6. Alishan Karami N, Etemadi Z, Poozesh M, Rofan A, Azad M, Shahi M. A training course of organ donation following brain death: A quasi-experimental study of knowledge, attitude and practice of healthcare staff in Hormozgan. Development Strategies in Medical Education. 2021;8(4):57-66.
  7. Alizadeh Taghiabad B, Hasanzadeh F, Rehani T, Karimi H. Comparing Attitudes Of Nursing Students And Students Of Islamic Sciences Regarding Organ Donation After Brain Death In Mashhad In 2008. Modern Care Journal. 2014;11(1):63-70, https://www.sid.ir/en/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=377858.
  8. Kondori j. Knowledge and Attitudes of Nurses and Physicians ’about donation after circulatory death in emergency wards of educational and therapeutic centers of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in 2019. Tabriz: Tabriz University Medical of Science; 2019.
  9. Aramesh K, Jesri M. Ethical Considerations In Using Minors As Live Donor Of Nonregenerative Organs. Ethics In Science & Technology. 2007;1(1 (Suppl. Issue In Medical Ethics)):33-9, https://www.sid.ir/en/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=91887.
  10. Mahdiyoun SA, Imanipour M, Mojtahedzadeh R, Hosseini AF. Comparison Of Effectiveness Of Interactive And Noninteractive Virtual Education About Brain Death And Organ Transplantation On Knowledge And Satisfaction Of Critical Care Nurses. Hayat. 2015;21(2 #P00225):40-53, https://www.sid.ir/en/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=597547.
  11. Babaie M, Hosseini M, Hamissi J, Hamissi Z. Knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses regarding organ donation. Global journal of health science. 2015;7(6):129.
  12. Mohebi S, Mohammadi-zavareh M, Zamani F, Gharlipor Z, Heidary H. Factors Affecting Qom Medical School Students Intention regarding Organ Donation: a Study based on Behavioral Intention Model. Journal of Health Literacy. 2016;1(3):147-54.
  13. Mohebi S, Mohammadi Zavareh M, Sharifirad G, Gharlipour Z, Heidari H. Knowledge And Attitude About Organ Donation Among Students Of Qom University Of Medical Sciences: A Cross-Sectional Study. Scientific Journal Of Forensic Medicine. 2017;23(1):53-60, https://www.sid.ir/en/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=549673.
  14. Manzari Z, Masoumian Hoseini ST, Karimi Moonaghi H, Behnam Vashani H. Effect of Education Based on Nursing Model of Dynamism and Continuous Improvement in Seeking Assurance and Getting Approve on Nurses’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practice about Their Role in Organ Donation Process. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2014;24(119):141-53, http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-4691-en.html.
  15. Namdar P, Dehghankar L, Taherkhani M, Yekefallah L, Ranjbaran M. Performance in Organ Donation Process in Nurses Working in Critical Care Units of Hospitals in Qazvin City, Iran. Internal Medicine Today. 2021;28(1):54-69.
  16. Jothula KY, Sreeharshika D. Study to assess knowledge, attitude and practice regarding organ donation among interns of a medical college in Telangana, India. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2018;5(4):1339-45. [In Persian]
  17. Mozhgan M, Ali M, Hosein A-Z, Samaneh N. A study on the awareness, attitudes and performance of teachers towards the organ donation during 2016-2017. Nursing Practice Today. 2018;5(2), https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/318.
  18. Bijani M, Hamidizadeh S, Rostami K, Haghshenas A, Mohammadi F, Ghasemi A, et al. Evaluation of the effect of clinical scenario-based educational workshop and reflection on the knowledge and attitude of head nurses and clinical supervisors toward in the brain death and organ donation. Electronic Journal of General Medicine. 2020;17(5).
  19. Mohammadpour M, Mohammadpour A, Najafi S. Comparison of the Effect of Peer-led Education and Education by the Healthcare Personnel on Awareness, Attitude and Performance of Lettered People toward Organ Donation. Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences. 2019;21(1):306-13.
  20. Sh D, Bahmanpour K, Bijan N, Valiee S. Effect of blended education on Nursing Students' Awareness and Attitude towards organ donation: A Solomon Fourgroup Study. Strides Dev Med Educ. 2019.
  21. Mahdiyoun SA, Imanipour M, Mojtahedzadeh R, Hosseini AF. Comparison of effectiveness of interactive and non-interactive virtual education about brain death and organ transplantation on knowledge and satisfaction of critical care nurses. Hayat Journal. 2015;21(2):40-53.
  22. Singh S, Kaur K, Saini RS, Singh S, Aggarwal H, Chandra H. Impact of Structured Training Program about Cadaver Organ Donation and Transplantation on Knowledge and Perception of Nursing Students at Public and Private Nursing Teaching Institute of Northern India-An Interventional Study. Indian Journal of Community Medicine. 2023;48(3):413-7. [In Persian]
  23. Ramadurg UY, Gupta A. Impact of an educational intervention on increasing the knowledge and changing the attitude and beliefs towards organ donation among medical students. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR. 2014;8(5):JC05. [In Persian]
  24. Aghayaw HR, Arjmand B, Emami-Razavi SH, Jafarian A, Shabanzadeh AR, Jalali F, et al. Organ Donation Workshop–a Survey on Nurses’ Knowledge and Attitudes toward Organ and Tissue Donation in Iran. The International journal of artificial organs. 2009;32(10):739-44.
  25. Masoumian Hoseini ST, Manzari Z. Quality of care of nursing from brain death patient in ICU wards. Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement. 2015;3(2):220-4.
  26. Jeon K, Kim B, and, Kim H, Byeon N-I, Hong J, Bae S, et al., editors. A study on knowledge and attitude toward brain death and organ retrieval among health care professionals in Korea. Transplantation proceedings; 2012: Elsevier. [In Persian]
  27. Akgün H, Bilgin N, Tokalak I, Kut A, Haberal M, editors. Organ donation: a cross-sectional survey of the knowledge and personal views of Turkish health care professionals. Transplantation proceedings; 2003: Elsevier. [In Persian]
آموزش و اخلاق در پرستاری
دوره 12، 1-2
فروردین 1402
صفحه 22-30